{"id":77,"date":"2015-08-02T23:11:10","date_gmt":"2015-08-02T23:11:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/?p=77"},"modified":"2024-04-04T21:29:08","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T21:29:08","slug":"llamar-y-cortar-con-un-pic-16f84a-y-nokia-1100","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/2015\/08\/llamar-y-cortar-con-un-pic-16f84a-y-nokia-1100\/","title":{"rendered":"Llamar y cortar con un pic 16f84a y nokia 1100."},"content":{"rendered":"

Llamar y cortar con un pic 16f84a y nokia 1100.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

En este art\u00edculo analizaremos como realizar un llamado telef\u00f3nico, y c\u00f3mo cortar esa comunicaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s del protocolo FBUS, con un tel\u00e9fono Nokia 1100.<\/p>\n

Principios del protocolo Fbus<\/b>
\nEste protocolo es un protocolo basado en paquetes con un mecanismo destinado control de transmisi\u00f3n. Cada paquete es enviado como un n\u00famero de secuencia.
\n\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona el protocolo fbus?<\/b>
\nAca se muestra un ejemplo del intercambio de datos de paquetes.
\n1. La P.C. env\u00eda un paquete.
\n2. El telef\u00f3no env\u00eda un acuse de recibo del paquete.
\n3. El tel\u00e9fono env\u00ede un paquete.
\n4. La pc env\u00eda un acuse de recivo del paquete.<\/p>\n

\n

Tal vez pueda interesarte proyectos en arduino, pic, rob\u00f3tica, telecomunicaciones, suscribete en\u00a0http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/carlosvolt?sub_confirmation=1<\/a>\u00a0mucho videos con c\u00f3digo fuentes completos y diagramas<\/p>\n

\"SUSCRIBETE<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n
\n

\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 este protocolo se adopte un mecanismo de control de transmision?
\n<\/b>Porque podr\u00eda tener una colisi\u00f3n debido a la naturaleza del cable, y por esta misma raz\u00f3n es para saber qu\u00e9 secuencia de paquetes se han recibido.
\nVelocidad del protocolo<\/b>
\nSe debe configurar la velocidad del puerto apropiadamente con con los siguiente param\u00e9tros:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Bits por segundos<\/td>\n115200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bits de datos<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paridad<\/td>\nninguno<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bit de parada<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

La velocidas del bus fbus es de 115200 bps cn 8 bits de datos ninguna paridad y el bit de stop o parada es 1.<\/p>\n

Esquema el\u00e9ctrico<\/b><\/p>\n

\"pic16f84_fbus\"<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lista de componentes<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Microcontrolador pic 16F84A<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Cristal de quarzo de 4 Mhz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 Capacitores de disco cer\u00e1micos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Resistor de 1 k<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Diodo 1N148<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Diodo zener de 2.7 voltios<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 Pulsadores<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

El circuito electrico es muy sencillo consta de microcontrolar pic 16f84A a 4 Mhz, consta tambien de dos pulsadores uno para llamar a un n\u00famero predeterminado en la programaci\u00f3n del pic. Tenemos un cristal de quarzo de 4 Mhz que fija la frecuenza de trabajo del pic junto con 2 capacitores de 27 pF. El resistor de 1 Kohm se conecta a la pata 17 del microcontrolador, que es la salida 0 del puerto A del pic. Tenemos un diodo zener que regula la temsi\u00f3n a 2.7 voltios, necesaria para trabajar con el celular y no prodicir un da\u00f1o al mismo, tambien cuenta con un diodo 1N148.<\/p>\n

Imagenes del circuito terminada en plaqueta experimental y nokia 1100<\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"circuitoycelu\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"circuitoycelu2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0<\/a>\"circuitofbus\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Diagrama el\u00e9ctrico para conectar el Nokia 1100 a la P.C.<\/b><\/p>\n

\"cablenokia1100\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ejemplo de tramas tramas<\/b><\/p>\n

Trama de Reset<\/p>\n

1E 00 0C 40 00 06 00 01 64 03 01 60 77 24<\/p>\n

Trama para llama al *611<\/p>\n

1E 00 10 01 00 17 00 01 00 01 04 00 2A 00 36 00 31 00 31 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 47 00 51 15<\/p>\n

Trama para cortar una llamada<\/p>\n

1E 00 0C 01 00 07 00 01 00 08 60 01 63 00 11 0E<\/p>\n

Marcando n\u00fameros de la tarjeta Sim<\/b><\/p>\n

En el nokia 1100 apretando durante algunos segundos las teclas del 2 al 9, si se tiene asignado alg\u00fan n\u00famero de marcaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida a caulquiera de estos d\u00edgitos se podr\u00e1 llamar al n\u00famero guardado.<\/p>\n

Con las siguientes tramas se puede llamar a cualquiera de estos n\u00fameros de marcaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Llamando a la memoria 2: <\/b>1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 32 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 45 00 78 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 3: <\/b>1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 33 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 41 00 7D 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 4:<\/b> 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 34 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 44 00 7F 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 5:<\/b> 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 35 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 45 00 7F 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 6:<\/b> 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 36 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 45 00 7C 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 7:<\/b> 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 37 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 47 00 7F 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 8:<\/b> 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 38 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 40 00 77 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Llamando a la memoria 9:<\/b> 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 39 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 43 00 75 13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Programas para el pic 16F84A<\/b><\/p>\n

Eeste programa genera las tramas para llamar y cortar con un pic pic 16F84A a 4 Mhz y el tel\u00e9fono Nokia 1100. Se adjunta el c\u00f3digo fuente desarrollada en asembler (.asm) y el archivo (.hex).<\/p>\n

llamar.asm<\/a> c\u00f3digo fuente<\/p>\n

llamar.hex<\/a>\u00a0archivo binario para el pic<\/p>\n

Llamar a la memoria 2 de la sim<\/b><\/p>\n

Como se puede apreciar en la tabla anterior se puede llamar a las memorias sim de marcaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida del tel\u00e9fono previamante asigandas, esto facilita mucho la programaci\u00f3n ya que con la trama 1E 00 10 01 00 11 00 01 00 01 01 00 32 05 01 05 00 02 00 00 01 01 45 00 78 13 se puede llamar a la memoria 2 de marcac\u00ec\u00f3n r\u00e1pida y simplemente desde el mismo celular se puede cambiar este n\u00famero sin que se deba cambiar programaci\u00f3n alguna en el pic.<\/p>\n

Adjunto los archivos de ejempla para llamar a la memoria 2 de la sim:<\/p>\n

llamarmemoria2.asm<\/a> c\u00f3digo fuente<\/p>\n

llamarmemoria2.HEX<\/a> archivo binario para el pic<\/p>\n

Para compilar estos archivos utiliza el mpasp versi\u00f3n 5.20 de Microchip Technology Inc<\/p>\n

\"mpasm5.20\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Descargar MPASP 5.20<\/a><\/p>\n

El c\u00f3digo fuente<\/b><\/p>\n

Detalles de algunas l\u00edneas del c\u00f3digo fuente:<\/p>\n

call Demora<\/span><\/b> llama a una demora de 100 milisegundos, esto es para evitar rebotes indeseados al apretar alg\u00fan pulsador.<\/p>\n

btfsc portb,0<\/span><\/b> si es 0 salta \/ testea si el pulsador para llamar est\u00e1 precionado<\/p>\n

goto bcortar llama a bcortar para escanear el estado del pulsador para cortar el llamado<\/p>\n

btfsc portb,1<\/b><\/span> si es 0 salta \/ testea si el pulsador para cortar est\u00e1 precionado<\/p>\n

goto comenzar llama a una rutina para hacer 3 reset al movil<\/p>\n

goto Loop si no hay ning\u00fan pulsador precionado llama a Loop y repite el ciclo para escanear el estado de los pulsadores<\/p>\n

call numero llama a una rutina para discar a un n\u00famero programado en el pic<\/p>\n

El siguiente fragmento de c\u00f3digo genera la trama 1E<\/p>\n

;———-genera la trama 1e——–
\ntrama_1e:
\nbcf porta,0;<\/span><\/b>\/\/\/\/0 bit de Start –>genera el bit de start siempre el valor es 0
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbcf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 0
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbsf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 1
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbsf porta,0;<\/span><\/b>——————–>valor del bit 1
\ncall Demorab;<\/span><\/b>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbsf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 1
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbsf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 1
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbcf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 0
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbcf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 0
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbcf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>——————–>valor del bit 0
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nbsf porta,0;<\/b><\/span>\/\/\/\/bit de Stop–>genera el bit de stop siempre el valor es 1
\ncall Demorab;<\/b><\/span>—————–>llama a una demora 1\/115000
\nreturn<\/span><\/b>——————————->retorna a call trama_1e<\/p>\n

Programa generador de tramas<\/b><\/p>\n

El siguiente programa genera las tramas en asembler para facilitar la programaci\u00f3n de las tramas seriales es muy sencillo de usar, se puede ingresar un n\u00famero hexadecimal o decimal y lo convierte en binario y en formato serie con el bot\u00f3n generar. El bot\u00f3n generar crea tambien el c\u00f3digo fuente de la trama ingresada en forma hexadecimal o decimal, con el bot\u00f3n reset se restaura a los valores por defecto del programa. Este programa ha sido creado en visual basic.<\/p>\n

\"generador\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Lo dejo a disposisi\u00f3n de quien quiera descargarlo en forma gratuita en el siguiente enlace tramas_seriales.zip<\/a><\/p>\n

Docklight progrma para la captura y env\u00edo de tramas<\/b><\/p>\n

Con este programa se puede se pueden enviar y recibir tramas a trav\u00e9s del puerto serie de la pc, es muy util para el estudio de las tramas que se envian y reciben desde la pc al telef\u00f3no.<\/p>\n

\"docklight\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Podes descargar el programa de http:\/\/www.docklight.de\/download_en.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

Utiliizando Docklight<\/b><\/p>\n

Docklight es un programa con una interface muy amigable con el cual podemos enviar y recibir tramas seriales, lamentablemente\u00a0 por ser una evaluaci\u00f3n tiene algunas limitaciones, las cuales nos nos permite copiar las tramas de respueste del tel\u00e9fono ni guardar las seciones para fauturas pruebas con lo cual todo lo que hicimos se perder\u00e1. Has click en cada imagen para agrandar la misma.<\/p>\n

\"1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

En primer lugar vamos a ir a “Tools”<\/b> y luego a “Projets Settings”\"2\"<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

En la solopa Communication<\/b> eligiremos Send\/Receive<\/b> y el puerto Com deseado en en el ejemplo se selecion\u00f3 el Com1<\/b>, en la secci\u00f3n COM Port Settings,<\/b> Baud Rate <\/b>115200, Data Bits <\/b>8, Parity <\/b>Nome, Stop Bits<\/b> 1,<\/b> y Parity Error Char<\/b> 638(‘?’)<\/p>\n

\"3\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

En la solopa Flow Control<\/b> seleccionaremos “off”<\/b><\/p>\n

\"4\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Haciendo doble click debajo de la leyenda Name<\/b> se abre una nueva ventana llamada Edit Send Sequence<\/b>, en Sequence Definition<\/b> en 1-Name<\/b> le ponemos un nombre identificatorio a la trama que vamos a crear, despu\u00e9s en 2-Sequence<\/b> podemos elegir el formato de la trama a enviar en ASCII, HEX, Decimal<\/b> y Binary<\/b>. En nuentro caso eligiremos HEX<\/b>, debajos pondremos la trama que queremos.<\/p>\n

\"5\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Ac\u00e1 podemos apreciar varias tramas creadas con sus respectivos nombres<\/p>\n

\"6\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Apretando\u00a0 en –><\/b> se env\u00eda la trama que queramos, en el cuadro Comunication<\/b> en azul se puede ver la trama enviada y en rojo la trama recibida por parte del celular.<\/p>\n

\"7\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Varios ejemplos de env\u00edo de tramas y su respuesta por parte del tel\u00e9fono, recordar que no se pueden ni copiar ni guardar las secciones, as\u00ed que todo lo que hallan hecho se perder\u00e1 al cerrar el programa.<\/p>\n

\"8\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Free Serial Port Monitor<\/b><\/p>\n

Free Serial Port Monitor<\/b> es un programa ideal para la captura de tramas seriales del puerto serie<\/p>\n

\"1_small1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lo primero que vamos hacer es abrir una Nueva Sesi\u00f3n<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\"2_SMALL1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Aparecer\u00e1 un Asistente de Nueva\u00a0Sesi\u00f3n,<\/b>\u00a0hacemos\u00a0 clic en Siguiente<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\"3_SMALL1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En Tipo de Sesi\u00f3n de Monitoring,<\/b> seleccionos El Monitor de puertos<\/b> y luego Siguiente<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\"4_SMALL1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En Personalizaci\u00f3n de Monitor de puertos<\/b> en Dispositivos RS-232<\/b> elegimos el puerto Com a monitorear<\/p>\n

\n

\"5_small1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En Aplicaci\u00f3n de Elaboraci\u00f3n de Datos<\/b>, elegiremos Datos <\/b>y luego siguiente<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\"6_SMALL\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En esta parte del asistente nos mostrar\u00e1 un resumen de lo que hemos seleccionado, hacemos clic en Finalizar<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\"7_SMALL1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Aparecer\u00e1 una ventana blanca con dos secciones, una para Lectura<\/b> y otra para Escritura <\/b>de los datos<\/p>\n

\n

\"8_SMALL1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En la ventana Lectura<\/b> nos mostrar\u00e1 la aplicaci\u00f3n que est\u00e1 intentando comunicarse a trav\u00e9s de puerto serie, y en Escritura <\/b>el dato que fue enviado por la aplicaci\u00f3n al puerto serie<\/p>\n

\n

\"9_small\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Free Serial Port Monitor <\/b>es un programa gratuito y de libre distribuci\u00f3n, el mismo nos permite copiar las tramas y guardar las sesiones creadas.<\/p>\n

Pod\u00e9s decargarlo desde aqu\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\n

Tabla comparativa<\/b><\/p>\n

Tabla comparativa entre decimal hexadecimal octagecimal binario y ascci adem\u00e1s muestra en el item byte\/dato como deber\u00eda enviarse una trama en formato serie atrav\u00e9s del pic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Decimal<\/b><\/td>\nHexadecimal<\/b><\/td>\nBinario<\/b><\/td>\nOctal<\/b><\/td>\nStar<\/b><\/td>\nByte\/Dato<\/b><\/td>\nStop<\/b><\/td>\nAscii<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\n00<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nNULL (car\u00e1cter nulo)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n01<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u263a SOH (inicio de encabezado)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n02<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u263b STX (inicio de texto)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n03<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2665 ETX (fin de texto)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n04<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2666 EOT (fin de transmision)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n05<\/td>\n101<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2663 ENQ (enquiry)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n06<\/td>\n110<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2660 ACK (acknowledgement)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n07<\/td>\n111<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2022 BEL (timbre)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n08<\/td>\n1000<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25d8 BS (retroceso)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n09<\/td>\n1001<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25cbHT (tab horizoltal)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n0A<\/td>\n1010<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25d9 LF (salto de linea)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n0B<\/td>\n1011<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2642 VT (tab vertical)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n0C<\/td>\n1100<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2640 FF (form feed)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n0D<\/td>\n1101<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u266a CR (retorno de carro)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n0E<\/td>\n1110<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u266b SO (ship out)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n0F<\/td>\n1111<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u263c SI (ship in)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n1000<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25ba DLE (data link escape)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n10001<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25c4 DC1 (device control 1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n10010<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2195 DC2 (device control 2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n10011<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u203c DC3 (device control 3)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n10100<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b6 DC4 (device control 4)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n10101<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a7 NAK (negative acknowle)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n10110<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25ac SYN (synchronous idle)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n10001<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u21a8 ETB (end of trans. block)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n11000<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2191 CAM (cancel)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n11001<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2193 EM (end of medium)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\n1A<\/td>\n11010<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2192 SUB (substitute)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n1B<\/td>\n11011<\/td>\n33<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2190ESC (escape)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n1C<\/td>\n11100<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u221fFS (file separator)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\n1D<\/td>\n11101<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2194GS (group separator)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n1E<\/td>\n11110<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25b2RS (record separator)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n1F<\/td>\n11111<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25bcUS (unit separator)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n100000<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a0espacio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n100001<\/td>\n41<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n100010<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n“<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n100011<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n#<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n100100<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n100101<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n100110<\/td>\n46<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n&<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n100111<\/td>\n47<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n‘<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n101000<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n(<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n29<\/td>\n101001<\/td>\n51<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n2A<\/td>\n101010<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n2B<\/td>\n101011<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n2C<\/td>\n101100<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n2D<\/td>\n101101<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n2E<\/td>\n101110<\/td>\n56<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n2F<\/td>\n101111<\/td>\n57<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n110000<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n110001<\/td>\n61<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n110010<\/td>\n62<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n33<\/td>\n110011<\/td>\n63<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n110100<\/td>\n64<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n110101<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n110110<\/td>\n66<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n110111<\/td>\n67<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n111000<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n111001<\/td>\n71<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n3A<\/td>\n111010<\/td>\n72<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n3B<\/td>\n111011<\/td>\n73<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n3C<\/td>\n111100<\/td>\n74<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n3D<\/td>\n111101<\/td>\n75<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n3E<\/td>\n111110<\/td>\n76<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n3F<\/td>\n111111<\/td>\n77<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111100<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n1000000<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n@<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n41<\/td>\n1000001<\/td>\n101<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n1000010<\/td>\n102<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n1000011<\/td>\n103<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n1000100<\/td>\n104<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n1000101<\/td>\n105<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n46<\/td>\n1000110<\/td>\n106<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n47<\/td>\n1000111<\/td>\n107<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n1001000<\/td>\n110<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n1001001<\/td>\n111<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n4A<\/td>\n1001010<\/td>\n112<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nJ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n4B<\/td>\n1001011<\/td>\n113<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n4C<\/td>\n1001100<\/td>\n114<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n4D<\/td>\n1001101<\/td>\n115<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n4E<\/td>\n1001110<\/td>\n116<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n4F<\/td>\n1001111<\/td>\n117<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n1010000<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n51<\/td>\n1010001<\/td>\n121<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nQ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n1010010<\/td>\n122<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n1010011<\/td>\n123<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n1010100<\/td>\n124<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n1010101<\/td>\n125<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n56<\/td>\n1010110<\/td>\n126<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n57<\/td>\n1010111<\/td>\n127<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\n58<\/td>\n1011000<\/td>\n130<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nX<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n59<\/td>\n1011001<\/td>\n131<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n5A<\/td>\n1011010<\/td>\n132<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nZ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n5B<\/td>\n1011011<\/td>\n133<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n[<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\n5C<\/td>\n1011100<\/td>\n134<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\\<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\n5D<\/td>\n1011101<\/td>\n135<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n5E<\/td>\n1011110<\/td>\n136<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n^<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\n5F<\/td>\n1011111<\/td>\n137<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111010<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n_<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n1100000<\/td>\n140<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\n61<\/td>\n1100001<\/td>\n141<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\na<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\n62<\/td>\n1100010<\/td>\n142<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n63<\/td>\n1100011<\/td>\n143<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\n64<\/td>\n1100100<\/td>\n144<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n1100101<\/td>\n145<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\ne<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\n66<\/td>\n1100110<\/td>\n146<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\n67<\/td>\n1100111<\/td>\n147<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\n68<\/td>\n1101000<\/td>\n150<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\n69<\/td>\n1101001<\/td>\n151<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\ni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\n6A<\/td>\n1101010<\/td>\n152<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nj<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\n6B<\/td>\n1101011<\/td>\n153<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\n6C<\/td>\n1101100<\/td>\n154<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nl<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\n6D<\/td>\n1101101<\/td>\n155<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\n6E<\/td>\n1101110<\/td>\n156<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\n6F<\/td>\n1101111<\/td>\n157<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\no<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n1110000<\/td>\n160<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\np<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\n71<\/td>\n1110001<\/td>\n161<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nq<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\n72<\/td>\n1110010<\/td>\n162<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\n73<\/td>\n1110011<\/td>\n163<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\ns<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\n74<\/td>\n1110100<\/td>\n164<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\n75<\/td>\n1110101<\/td>\n165<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n76<\/td>\n1110110<\/td>\n166<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nv<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\n77<\/td>\n1110111<\/td>\n167<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nw<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\n78<\/td>\n1111000<\/td>\n170<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nx<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\n79<\/td>\n1111001<\/td>\n171<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\ny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\n7A<\/td>\n1111010<\/td>\n172<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\n7B<\/td>\n1111011<\/td>\n173<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n{<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n7C<\/td>\n1111100<\/td>\n174<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n|<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\n7D<\/td>\n1111101<\/td>\n175<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n}<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\n7E<\/td>\n1111110<\/td>\n176<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n~<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\n7F<\/td>\n1111111<\/td>\n177<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111110<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2302 DEL (delete)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\n80<\/td>\n10000000<\/td>\n200<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\n81<\/td>\n10000001<\/td>\n201<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\n82<\/td>\n10000010<\/td>\n202<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\n83<\/td>\n10000011<\/td>\n203<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
132<\/td>\n84<\/td>\n10000100<\/td>\n204<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\n85<\/td>\n10000101<\/td>\n205<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\n86<\/td>\n10000110<\/td>\n206<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\n87<\/td>\n10000111<\/td>\n207<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\n88<\/td>\n10001000<\/td>\n210<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\n89<\/td>\n10001001<\/td>\n211<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00eb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
138<\/td>\n8A<\/td>\n10001010<\/td>\n212<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\n8B<\/td>\n10001011<\/td>\n213<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
140<\/td>\n8C<\/td>\n10001100<\/td>\n214<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\n8D<\/td>\n10001101<\/td>\n215<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
142<\/td>\n8E<\/td>\n10001110<\/td>\n216<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\n8F<\/td>\n10001111<\/td>\n217<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n10010000<\/td>\n220<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\n91<\/td>\n10010001<\/td>\n221<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
146<\/td>\n92<\/td>\n10010010<\/td>\n222<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
147<\/td>\n93<\/td>\n10010011<\/td>\n223<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
148<\/td>\n94<\/td>\n10010100<\/td>\n224<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
149<\/td>\n95<\/td>\n10010101<\/td>\n225<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\n96<\/td>\n10010110<\/td>\n226<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00fb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\n97<\/td>\n10010111<\/td>\n227<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\n98<\/td>\n10011000<\/td>\n230<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ff<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\n99<\/td>\n10011001<\/td>\n231<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\n9A<\/td>\n10011010<\/td>\n232<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00dc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
155<\/td>\n9B<\/td>\n10011011<\/td>\n233<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\n9C<\/td>\n10011100<\/td>\n234<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
157<\/td>\n9D<\/td>\n10011101<\/td>\n235<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
158<\/td>\n9E<\/td>\n10011110<\/td>\n236<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
159<\/td>\n9F<\/td>\n10011111<\/td>\n237<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111001<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u0192<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
160<\/td>\nA0<\/td>\n10100000<\/td>\n240<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
161<\/td>\nA1<\/td>\n10100001<\/td>\n241<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
162<\/td>\nA2<\/td>\n10100010<\/td>\n242<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\nA3<\/td>\n10100011<\/td>\n243<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
164<\/td>\nA4<\/td>\n10100100<\/td>\n244<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\nA5<\/td>\n10100101<\/td>\n245<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\nA6<\/td>\n10100110<\/td>\n246<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00aa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\nA7<\/td>\n10100111<\/td>\n247<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ba<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
168<\/td>\nA8<\/td>\n10101000<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00bf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
169<\/td>\nA9<\/td>\n10101001<\/td>\n251<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\nAA<\/td>\n10101010<\/td>\n252<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
171<\/td>\nAB<\/td>\n10101011<\/td>\n253<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
172<\/td>\nAC<\/td>\n10101100<\/td>\n254<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00bc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
173<\/td>\nAD<\/td>\n10101101<\/td>\n255<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
174<\/td>\nAE<\/td>\n10101110<\/td>\n256<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\nAF<\/td>\n10101111<\/td>\n257<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00bb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
176<\/td>\nB0<\/td>\n10110000<\/td>\n260<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2591<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
177<\/td>\nB1<\/td>\n10110001<\/td>\n261<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2592<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\nB2<\/td>\n10110010<\/td>\n262<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2593<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
179<\/td>\nB3<\/td>\n10110011<\/td>\n263<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2502<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
180<\/td>\nB4<\/td>\n10110100<\/td>\n264<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2524<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
181<\/td>\nB5<\/td>\n10110101<\/td>\n265<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
182<\/td>\nB6<\/td>\n10110110<\/td>\n266<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
183<\/td>\nB7<\/td>\n10110111<\/td>\n267<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
184<\/td>\nB8<\/td>\n10111000<\/td>\n270<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
185<\/td>\nB9<\/td>\n10111001<\/td>\n271<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2563<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
186<\/td>\nBA<\/td>\n10111010<\/td>\n272<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2551<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
187<\/td>\nBB<\/td>\n10111011<\/td>\n273<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2557<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
188<\/td>\nBC<\/td>\n10111100<\/td>\n274<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u255d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
189<\/td>\nBD<\/td>\n10111101<\/td>\n275<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
190<\/td>\nBE<\/td>\n10111110<\/td>\n276<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
191<\/td>\nBF<\/td>\n10111111<\/td>\n277<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111101<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2510<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
192<\/td>\nC0<\/td>\n11000000<\/td>\n300<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2514<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
193<\/td>\nC1<\/td>\n11000001<\/td>\n301<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2534<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
194<\/td>\nC2<\/td>\n11000010<\/td>\n302<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u252c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
195<\/td>\nC3<\/td>\n11000011<\/td>\n303<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u251c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
196<\/td>\nC4<\/td>\n11000100<\/td>\n304<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\nC5<\/td>\n11000101<\/td>\n305<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u253c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\nC6<\/td>\n11000110<\/td>\n306<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\nC7<\/td>\n11000111<\/td>\n307<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\nC8<\/td>\n11001000<\/td>\n310<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u255a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
201<\/td>\nC9<\/td>\n11001001<\/td>\n311<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2554<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
202<\/td>\nCA<\/td>\n11001010<\/td>\n312<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2569<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
203<\/td>\nCB<\/td>\n11001011<\/td>\n313<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2566<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
204<\/td>\nCC<\/td>\n11001100<\/td>\n314<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2560<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
205<\/td>\nCD<\/td>\n11001101<\/td>\n315<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2550<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
206<\/td>\nCE<\/td>\n11001110<\/td>\n316<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u256c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
207<\/td>\nCF<\/td>\n11001111<\/td>\n317<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
208<\/td>\nD0<\/td>\n11010000<\/td>\n320<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
209<\/td>\nD1<\/td>\n11010001<\/td>\n321<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
210<\/td>\nD2<\/td>\n11010010<\/td>\n322<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ca<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\nD3<\/td>\n11010011<\/td>\n323<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
212<\/td>\nD4<\/td>\n11010100<\/td>\n324<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00c8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
213<\/td>\nD5<\/td>\n11010101<\/td>\n325<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10101011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
214<\/td>\nD6<\/td>\n11010110<\/td>\n326<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00cd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\nD7<\/td>\n11010111<\/td>\n327<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00ce<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
216<\/td>\nD8<\/td>\n11011000<\/td>\n330<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
217<\/td>\nD9<\/td>\n11011001<\/td>\n331<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2518<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
218<\/td>\nDA<\/td>\n11011010<\/td>\n332<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u250c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
219<\/td>\nDB<\/td>\n11011011<\/td>\n333<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2588<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
220<\/td>\nDC<\/td>\n11011100<\/td>\n334<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2584<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
221<\/td>\nDD<\/td>\n11011101<\/td>\n335<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
222<\/td>\nDE<\/td>\n11011110<\/td>\n336<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
223<\/td>\nDF<\/td>\n11011111<\/td>\n337<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111011<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2580<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
224<\/td>\nE0<\/td>\n11100000<\/td>\n340<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00000111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
225<\/td>\nE1<\/td>\n11100001<\/td>\n341<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10000111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00df<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
226<\/td>\nE2<\/td>\n11100010<\/td>\n342<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01000111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
227<\/td>\nE3<\/td>\n11100011<\/td>\n343<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11000111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
228<\/td>\nE4<\/td>\n11100100<\/td>\n344<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00100111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
229<\/td>\nE5<\/td>\n11100101<\/td>\n345<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10100111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
230<\/td>\nE6<\/td>\n11100110<\/td>\n346<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01100111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
231<\/td>\nE7<\/td>\n11100111<\/td>\n347<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11100111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00fe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
232<\/td>\nE8<\/td>\n11101000<\/td>\n350<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00010111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00de<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
233<\/td>\nE9<\/td>\n11101001<\/td>\n351<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10010111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00da<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
234<\/td>\nEA<\/td>\n11101010<\/td>\n352<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01010111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00db<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
235<\/td>\nEB<\/td>\n11101011<\/td>\n353<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11010111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00d9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
236<\/td>\nEC<\/td>\n11101100<\/td>\n354<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00110111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
237<\/td>\nED<\/td>\n11101101<\/td>\n355<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10110111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00dd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
238<\/td>\nEE<\/td>\n11101110<\/td>\n356<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01110111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00af<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
239<\/td>\nEF<\/td>\n11101111<\/td>\n357<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11110111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
240<\/td>\nF0<\/td>\n11110000<\/td>\n360<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00001111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
241<\/td>\nF1<\/td>\n11110001<\/td>\n361<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10001111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
242<\/td>\nF2<\/td>\n11110010<\/td>\n362<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01001111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u2017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
243<\/td>\nF3<\/td>\n11110011<\/td>\n363<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11001111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00be<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
244<\/td>\nF4<\/td>\n11110100<\/td>\n364<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00101111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
245<\/td>\nF5<\/td>\n11110101<\/td>\n365<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
246<\/td>\nF6<\/td>\n11110110<\/td>\n366<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01101111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00f7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
247<\/td>\nF7<\/td>\n11110111<\/td>\n367<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11101111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
248<\/td>\nF8<\/td>\n11111000<\/td>\n370<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00011111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
249<\/td>\nF9<\/td>\n11111001<\/td>\n371<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10011111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00a8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250<\/td>\nFA<\/td>\n11111010<\/td>\n372<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01011111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\nFB<\/td>\n11111011<\/td>\n373<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11011111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\nFC<\/td>\n11111100<\/td>\n374<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n00111111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
253<\/td>\nFD<\/td>\n11111101<\/td>\n375<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10111111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u00b2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\nFE<\/td>\n11111110<\/td>\n376<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n01111111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u25a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
255<\/td>\nFF<\/td>\n11111111<\/td>\n377<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n11111111<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Seudo osciloscopio muy sencillo<\/b><\/p>\n

Con Cool edit 2000 un programa de edici\u00f3n de audio se puede hacer un osciloscopio muy sencillo y una resistencia de 10k, la misma se conecta a uno de los canales de entrada de la placa de sonido, y se puede capturar el trafico generado por el puerto serie y de esa manera poder ver la forma de onda de las distintas tramas.<\/p>\n

\"trama\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En la imagen anterior se puede apreciar una trama que corresponde al dato 10000110\u00a0 que seg\u00fan la tabla comparativa corresponde al caracter “a” en ascci, hay que recordar que el primer bit cuyo valor es 0 es el bit de “start” y el \u00faltimo bit es el bit de “stop” de valor 1.<\/p>\n

La prueba se hizo a 9600 bit por segundo con bits de datos 8 paridad ninguna y bit de parada 1. A 115200 no se pudo apreciar la forma de onda.<\/p>\n

\n

Apoya a mi canal suscribiendote en\u00a0http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/carlosvolt?sub_confirmation=1<\/a><\/span>\u00a0muchos videos con c\u00f3digo fuentes completos y diagramas.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Llamar y cortar con un pic 16f84a y nokia 1100. En este art\u00edculo analizaremos como realizar un llamado telef\u00f3nico, y c\u00f3mo cortar esa comunicaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s del protocolo FBUS, con un tel\u00e9fono Nokia 1100. Principios del protocolo Fbus Este protocolo es un protocolo basado en paquetes con un mecanismo destinado control de transmisi\u00f3n. Cada paquete […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":84,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[7,5,6,4],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7664,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77\/revisions\/7664"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rogerbit.com\/wprb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}